Adaptation of breeding to climate change - nutritional strategies for cattle
Adaptation of cattle breeding to climate change requires well-thought-out nutritional strategies...
More frequent heat waves, violent storms and long periods of drought are the everyday reality of many farms today. Such phenomena not only make work in the field difficult, but also have a direct impact on the health and productivity of farm animals. High temperature and humidity reduce appetite, change cows' behavior and accelerate feed spoilage. That is why the nutritional strategy becomes one of the key tools for adaptation to new climatic conditions.
Heat stress and its effect on feed intake
One of the most serious effects of heat is heat stress. The THI (Temperature Humidity Index) allows you to assess its severity - the higher the temperature and humidity, the greater the burden on the animal's body. In such conditions, cows consume less feed, which translates into a decrease in milk production. The answer to this problem is to increase the energy density of the dose and use additives that improve the palatability of TMR.
How to adjust the composition of the ration to hot weather and heat stress
Research shows that in hot weather it is worth limiting excess fiber with low digestibility, which increases heat production during digestion, and instead add feed with a higher energy content, e.g. protected fats. Supplementation with electrolytes is also important - especially sodium, potassium and magnesium - which cows lose through sweat. Including antioxidant supplements and vitamins in the diet supports the body's immunity in difficult conditions.
Register!Preventing feed from heating
Extreme temperatures favor the rapid heating of TMR and silage, which leads to loss of nutritional value and deterioration of palatability. To prevent this, it is recommended to divide the dose from one feeder into two portions, given at cooler times of the day. It is also important to monitor the feed temperature and use additives that limit the development of microorganisms responsible for spoilage.
Use the tools available!
Modern applications, such as Smart Feed, enable ongoing monitoring of feed intake, analysis of the THI index and quick modification of the composition of doses in response to weather changes. Thanks to this, the breeder can react almost in real time, minimizing losses and protecting the health of the herd.
Extreme weather phenomena are a challenge that requires farmers to have a flexible approach to nutrition. The key is to constantly control the quality of feed, adjust the composition of doses to current conditions and use technology that supports quick decision-making. In this way, you can not only minimize the effects of heat stress, but also maintain high productivity and animal welfare all year round. Therefore, it is worth following our Facebook profile and regularly visiting the blog on our website to stay up to date with practical advice and news for breeders!
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